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Steps of the Research Process | How do you conduct research?

research process steps

Research, as a tool for progression, satisfies mankind’s insatiable curiosity about a wide range of issues. It would help if you took research subjects in order to get your diploma, whether you are a high school or college student.

Here in this article, we have answered some questions like what are the steps of the research process? Main steps of the research process etc.

Read Also: What is Research: Definition, Research Methods, Types

Here are the nine steps in the research process to make it easier for you:

Steps of the Research Process:-

1. Selection of Research Problem

A good problem is always the starting point for good research. To select the correct research problem for you, you can watch people or things, visit places, read print materials, or consult specialists.

The research problem will assist you in developing a hypothesis and interpreting your findings so that you can get to the best conclusion possible. A good research problem is crucial because it serves as the foundation for all subsequent research activities.

Finding a solid research problem should take into account factors such as the researcher’s area of interest, funding availability, the study’s socioeconomic significance, and the safety measures to be implemented.

2. Formulation of Hypothesis

The next step is to develop your own hypothesis after you’ve identified your research challenge. A hypothesis is a logical relationship between variables that is based on a theoretical statement. Do not be concerned if your hypothesis turns out to be inaccurate after testing because it is merely an educated estimate. Always keep in mind that your hypothesis should be founded on the research problem you’re trying to answer.

3. Literature Review

At first, a study problem appears to be hazy. You should read several publications or surf the internet to become aware of past efforts done to provide you with a vivid picture of the entire investigation. It’s possible that this will spark an idea that will become the focus of your inquiry. Science books, periodicals, journals, newspapers, and even the internet can be used to conduct a review of related literature.

4. Preparation of Research Design

A research design is a framework for the research that you will do. It acts as the study’s work plan because it includes not only the resources needed to perform the research but also how these resources are used.

5. Sampling

The researcher must design a sample. It is a plan for taking its respondents from a specific area or universe. The sample may be of two types:

  1. Probability Sampling
  2. Non-probability Sampling

6. Data collection

This step was all about gathering the data you’ll need to tackle the issue or problem you’ve identified. Experiments, observations, personal interviews (in-home, mall intercept, or computer-assisted personal interviewing), telephone or computer-assisted telephone interviewing, or mail can all be used to collect data (traditional mail and mail panel surveys with recruited households).

Data collection techniques can include:

  • Interviews: Asking people questions about their known information
  • Observations: collecting data without asking questions.
  • Questionnaires: Ask questions among a group of people
  • Focus Groups: Interviewing and observing a group of people
  • Documents and Records: Old-fashioned research

7. Data Analysis

When data is collected, it is forwarded for analysis which is the most technical job. Data analysis may be divided into two main categories.

Data Processing: it is sub-divided into the following.

Data editing, Data coding, Data classification, Data tabulation, Data presentation, Data measurement

Data Exposition: Date Exposition has the following sub-categories.

Description, Explanation, Narration, Conclusion/Findings, Recommendations/Suggestions

8. Results and Discussion

This is the most important element of the research process because it is here that the study findings are found. To interpret the outcomes of your investigation, you can use a table (not the table in your kitchen) and a graph.

9. Report Research Findings

The final step is to present the findings of the research to individuals who require the information to make decisions. The results should be provided in an easily understandable way so that they can be used in the decision-making process quickly. In addition, to improve clarity and effect, an oral presentation to management should be made utilizing tables, figures, and graphs.

Research Reporting Formats:

  • Formal Paper
  • Published Article
  • PowerPoint Presentation
  • Audio or Video
  • Spreadsheet

Since research is a year-round undertaking, it can be exhausting. To be effective in conducting excellent research that benefits not only you but everyone, you must be dedicated.

You should always be willing to conduct future research since performing research without putting your ‘heart’ and mind into it is a hardship on your part. It’s always a pleasure to do. Take it all in.

The more you enjoy doing the activity, the less burdensome it becomes to do this difficult task. Never be afraid to pose a question. Asking inquiries of people who are familiar with your research topic can help you get the best findings. Now that you’ve mastered the steps of the research process, you’re ready to get started. Best of luck!

Source:
Silva, A.R., Aviña, G.E., Tsao, J.Y. (2016). The Art of Research: Opportunities for a Science-Based Approach. In: Schmorrow, D., Fidopiastis, C. (eds) Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience. AC 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9744. Springer, Cham.

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