Quantum Computing Definition
Quantum computing is a sort of computation that uses the collective features of quantum states to accomplish calculations, such as superposition, interference, and entanglement. Quantum computers are machines that can do quantum computing.
In simple words, Quantum computing is a branch of computing that focuses on developing computer technology based on quantum theory’s concepts (which explains the behavior of energy and material on the atomic and subatomic levels). Computers nowadays can only encode data in bits with values of 1 or 0, severely limiting their capabilities.
Quantum computing, on the other side, makes use of quantum bits, also known as qubits. It takes advantage of subatomic particles’ one-of-a-kind ability to exist in several states (i.e., a 1 and a 0 at the same time).
In 1980, scientist Paul Benioff devised a quantum mechanical model of the Turing machine, which launched quantum computing. Later, Richard Feynman and Yuri Manin suggested that a quantum computer could imitate things that a classical computer couldn’t.
See Also: Cloud Computing: Advantages, Features, Uses, Jobs & Salary
How Does Quantum Computing Work?
Quantum computers perform calculations based on the probability of an object’s state before it is measured – instead of just 1s or 0s – which means they have the potential to process exponentially more data compared to classical computers.
Classical computers use the definite position of a physical state to perform logical operations. These are usually binary, which means that their operations are limited to one of two possibilities. A bit is a single state, such as on or off, up or down, 1 or 0.
Instead, operations in quantum computing utilize the quantum state of an item to produce a qubit. These are the undefined qualities of an object before they are discovered, such as an electron’s spin or a photon’s polarisation.
Unmeasured quantum states exist in a mixed superposition’ rather than having a definite position, similar to a coin spinning through the air before landing in your hand.
These superpositions can get entangled with those of other objects, implying that their final outcomes will be mathematically connected, even though we don’t know what they are yet.
Quantum Computing Applications
- Cybersecurity
- Drug Development
- Financial Modeling
- Better Batteries
- Cleaner Fertilization
- Traffic Optimization
- Weather Forecasting and Climate Change
- Artificial Intelligence
- Solar Capture
- Electronic Materials Discovery
Quantum Computing Tools List
Microsoft Quantum Development Kit
Microsoft has released a preview version of their Quantum Development Kit that appears to supersede their earlier LIQUi|> software.
IBM Quantum Experience
IBM has put an experimental 5 qubit gate-level quantum processor on the web and is allowing members of the public to apply to get access to it.
Rigetti Forest and Cloud Computing Services (QCS)
The Rigetti Forest suite consists of a quantum instruction language called Quil, an open-source Python library for construction Quil programs called pyQuil, a library of quantum programs called Grove, and a simulation environment called QVM standing for Quantum Virtual Machine.
CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory – Superconducting Quantum Computer
The CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory is providing access to a 12-qubit superconducting quantum computing, the “Jiuzhang” optical quantum computer prototype and a larger superconducting quantum computer coming soon.
ProjectQ
ProjectQ is an open-source software framework for quantum computing implemented in Python. It allows users to implement their quantum programs in Python using a powerful and intuitive syntax.
Cirq
Cirq is an open source Python library for writing, manipulating, and optimizing Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) circuits and running them against quantum computers and simulators.
CirqProjectQ
CirqProject Q is a port between ProjectQ and Cirq that provides two main functions. First, it is a ProjectQ backend that converts a ProjectQ algorithm to a cirq.Circuit. And second, it can decompose ProjectQ common gates to native Xmon gates that can be used to simulate a Google quantum computer with ProjectQ.
PennyLane and Strawberry Fields from Xanadu
Xanadu provides two different software products for programming quantum computers. The first is called PennyLane and is a cross-platform Python library for quantum machine learning, automatic differentiation, and optimization of hybrid quantum-classical computations.
Open Controls from Q-CTRL
Q-CTRL Open Controls is an open-source Python package that makes it easy to create and deploy established error-robust quantum control protocols from the open literature.
Intel Quantum Simulator
The Intel® Quantum Simulator, formerly known as qHiPSTER, is an open-source single node or distributed high-performance implementation of a quantum simulator that can simulate general single-qubit gates and two-qubit controlled gates.
Mitiq
Mitiq is an open-source toolkit for implementing error mitigation techniques on most current intermediate-scale quantum computers. It is developed by the Unitary Fund with help from the broad quantum software community.
Berkeley Quantum Synthesis Toolkit (BQSKit)
It is an optimizing quantum compiler and research vehicle that combines ideas from several projects at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory into an easily accessible and quickly extensible software suite.
QCircuits
QCircuits is a quantum circuit simulation Python library designed to be easy for students to learn to use. It simulates the operation of small-scale quantum computers, based on the quantum circuit model.
Yao
Yao is an extensible, efficient open-source framework for quantum algorithm design. Yao features generic and differentiable programming of quantum circuits.
Silq
Silq is a new high-level quantum programming language developed by ETH Zurich. The intent is to provide a language that enables code that is shorter and simpler, less error-prone, and more intuitive than existing lower level programming languages.
Paddle Quantum
Paddle Quantum is a quantum machine learning tool set developed based on Baidu’s flying paddle.
Tequila
Tequila is an Extensible Quantum Information and Learning Architecture where the main goal is to simplify and accelerate the implementation of new ideas for quantum algorithms.
Qulacs
Qulacs is a python/C++ library developed at Kyoto University and maintained by QunaSys for fast simulation of large, noisy, or parametric quantum circuits.
staq github
staq is a modern C++17 library for the synthesis, transformation, optimization and compilation of quantum circuits.
Bayesforge
Bayesforge is a Linux machine image that curates the very best open source software for the data scientist who needs advanced analytical tools, as well as for quantum computing and computational mathematics practitioners who seek to work with one of the major QC frameworks.
Blueqat Github
Blueqat is a Python based software framework for universal quantum computing designed for both professionals and beginners.
Quantum Programming Studio
The Quantum Programming Studio is a web based graphical user interface designed to allow users to construct quantum algorithms and obtain results by simulating directly in browser or by executing on real quantum computers.
Quantum in the Cloud
The University of Bristol will make available access to a four qubit photonic quantum computer.
Here are the Top 10 Quantum Computing Companies to Watch out for in 2024:
Microsoft
Microsoft Quantum Computing executes experimental and theoretical processes to construct quantum computers in conjunction with academic and research organisations throughout the world, employing academics, theorists, and physicists from mathematics, physics, and computer science. The goal is to improve our understanding of quantum computing, including its implementation and integration.
IBM
IBM is one of the world’s leading quantum computing firms. It essentially aids the company in gaining realistic quantum skills and early quantum benefit use cases. IBM is one of the major quantum computing firms, and it’s a perfect way to get in contact with professionals in the field of research, theory, and computer science, which are three of the company’s core areas of expertise.
Honeywell
It is one of the industry’s early leaders in quantum computing. In 2014, the company began its journey by taking part in an innovative intelligence research project to learn more about the technology. Honeywell is now heavily invested in a concept known as trapped ion quantum computing. This method makes use of ions suspended in space to relay data via their movement.
Zapata Computing
Zapata Computing can help enterprise teams improve quantum solutions and functionality. It developed Orquestra, an end-to-end, workflow-based quantum computing set of tools. In contrast to previously accessible backends that provided a full variety of simulators and traditional tools, Orquestra now interacts with Qiskit and IBM Quantum’s open quantum systems, Honeywell’s System Model H, and Amazon Braket, according to the business. Orquestra is a quantum machine learning, simulation, and optimization tool applicable to a wide range of industries.
ColdQuanta
The Quantum Core-based quantum computing technology of this quantum computing company is on show. This Quantum Core may be used in a variety of quantum systems and aids in global positioning, signal processing, and communication.
1QBit
When it came to pharma research, 1QBit made headlines by collaborating with two top names: technology consulting company Accenture and biotech universal Biogen. The primary aim is to build a molecular modelling application using quantum computing, which may lead to drug development advancements for neurodegenerative diseases like dementia.
QC Ware
Though QC Ware is already developing a quantum cloud computing platform for enterprise systems, the company’s software is being developed to work with any quantum computing hardware.
Researchers and practitioners have been able to incorporate quantum computing into their current workflows with the aid of QC Ware. Similarly, top quantum computing hardware may be used to build applications.
D-Wave Solutions
It’s a corporation dedicated only to maximising the benefits of quantum computing. The company powers over 150 user-developed quantum apps, including tools for airline schedules, chemistry modelling, engineering, health, and automobile design. D-Wave enables enterprises of all sizes investigate quantum computing capabilities in anything from material science to automation and machine learning with their Leap quantum cloud service.
Xanadu
Xanadu is a quantum technology company based in Canada with the aim of creating quantum computers that are both useful and accessible to all. The company’s Xanadu Quantum Cloud (XQC) service also gives users access to near-term quantum devices.
Regetti
It’s a full-stack quantum computing firm that designs and produces superconducting quantum integrated circuits, packages and deploys them in a low-temperature setting, and develops control systems to execute quantum logic operations on them.
Quantum Computing Training Programs/Courses
1) Quantum Computing Courses edX
Take free online Quantum Computing courses to build your skills. Learn from top institutions such as MIT on edX. Join today.
2) Quantum Computing Courses Coursera
Coursera has a list of high-quality quantum computing courses online. You can join any time.
3) Quantum Computing Courses IBM
IBM and The Coding School to offer free online quantum computing course for 5,000 students
4) Quantum Computing Courses Udemy
Introduction to Quantum Computing
What you’ll learn
- The basics of quantum computing
- Understand the Basics of Microsoft Q
- Learn the basic Mathematics for quantum computing
- Understand the basic quantum algorithms
- Learn all the quantum computing theoritical concepts
- Create and perform basic quantum computing tasks with Microsoft Q